Volume 2, Issue 2 — Year 2025 — Article e100046

Fatemeh Rahimi¹; Maryam Ebrahimi²; Reza Farzi Mehraban³

1. Department of Geology, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Zahedan 9816743545, Iran
2. Department of Geology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran
3. Department of Geological Engineering, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van 65080, Türkiye

Landslides pose a significant threat to human life, infrastructure, and the environment, especially in mountainous regions such as Nur County in northern Iran. Accurate assessment of landslide susceptibility is essential for hazard mitigation and effective land-use management. This study aims to evaluate landslide susceptibility using a fuzzy logic approach integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Seven key triggering factors were selected based on previous studies and local geomorphological conditions: slope angle, aspect, elevation, lithology, land use, distance from roads, distance from faults, distance from rivers, and rainfall intensity. Each factor was standardized using fuzzy membership functions, allowing the expression of spatial uncertainty and gradual transitions between susceptibility classes. Fuzzy operators were then applied to overlay the thematic layers and produce a comprehensive landslide susceptibility map. The results indicate that areas with steep slopes, fragile lithological formations, intense precipitation, and close proximity to roads and deforested lands exhibit the highest susceptibility. The fuzzy logic model effectively handles complex and uncertain spatial data, offering a reliable tool for predicting potential landslide-prone zones. This methodology can support local decision-makers in planning and implementing risk-reduction strategies.

Landslide susceptibility, Fuzzy logic, Spatial analysis, Geographic information system, Nur County